About
The "God
particle" is a subatomic
particle dubbed the "God particle" because it is believed to
have originated during the Big Bang and helped shape the subatomic
particles that make up all matter in the universe. Scientists believe that in the first
billionth of a second after the Big Bang, the universe was a gigantic
soup of particles racing around at the speed of light without any mass to speak
of. It was through their interaction with the Higgs field that they gained mass
and eventually formed the universe. The "God particle" nicknamed as Higgs-Boson
is named after the scientists Satyendra Nath Bose and Peter Higgs.
The Large Hadron
Collider
The Large Hadron
Collider is the world's biggest and most powerful particle accelerator, a
27-km (17-mile) looped pipe that sits in a tunnel 100 metres underground on the
Swiss/French border. It cost 3 billion euros to build.
Two beams of
protons are fired in opposite directions around it before smashing into each
other to create many millions of particle collisions every second in a
recreation of the conditions a fraction of a second after the Big Bang, when
the Higgs field is believed to have 'switched on'.
4th July, 2012, scientists working at the European
Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Meyrin,
Switzerland, near the border
with France,
made the announcement, saying that researchers "have now found the missing
cornerstone of particle physics."
Higgs-Bosons
The God particle
was first discovered by Satyendra Nath Bose. Einstein often systematically
adopted Bose’s approach that is known as ‘Bose-Einstein Statistics’. Bose's
Quantum Statistics has enabled many scientists to solve several problems
scientifically and by cogent reasoning. Bose sent one paper to Einstein in
1926.The distinguished scientist was at a loss to understand how the solution
offered by Bose could be used in Physics. Although Einstein published the
article, he expressed his doubts. So Bose met him, discussed and they jointly
worked on it. The Higgs mechanism is a process by which vector bosons can get
rest mass without explicitly breaking gauge invariance. The proposal for such a
spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism originally was suggested in 1962 by
Philip Warren Anderson and developed
into a full relativistic model in 1964, independently and almost
simultaneously, by three groups of physicists: by François Englert and
Robert Brout, by Peter Higgs and by
Gerald Guralnik, C. R. Hagen, and Tom Kibble.
Satyendra Nath
Bose
Satyendra Nath
Bose was born on 1 January
1894n in Calcutta.
His schooling began at the age of five. His first school was near his home.
Later, he was admitted to the New Indian
School. In the final year
of school, he was admitted to the Hindu
School. He passed his
entrance examination/ matriculation in 1909 and stood fifth in the order of
merit. He next joined the intermediate science course at the Presidency College,
Calcutta, where
he was taught by illustrious teachers as Jagadis Chandra Bose and
Prafulla Chandra Ray. Meghnad Saha came
and joined the same college two years later. Satyendra Nath Bose chose mixed (applied)
mathematics for his B.Sc. and passed the examinations standing first in 1913
and again stood first in the M.Sc. mixed mathematics exam in 1915. It is said
that his marks in the M.Sc. examination created a new record in the annals of
the University of
Calcutta,--which is yet
to be surpassed.
After completing
his M.Sc., Bose joined the University
of Calcutta as a research
scholar in 1916 and started his studies in the theory of relativity. It was an
exciting era in the history of scientific progress. He is best known for his
work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, providing the foundation for Bose–Einstein
statistics and the theory of the Bose–Einstein condensate. The class of
particles known as bosons is named after him.
A self-taught
scholar and a polyglot, he had a wide range of interests in varied fields
including physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology, mineralogy, philosophy,
arts, literature and music. He served on many research and development
committees in independent India.
Peter Higgs
Peter Higgs was born in Wallsend, North Tyneside, England. He attended Cotham Grammar School, where he was inspired by the work of one of
the school's alumni, Paul Dirac, a founder of the field of quantum mechanics.
At the age of 17 Higgs moved to City of London School, where he specialized in
mathematics, then to King's College London where he graduated with a first
class honours in Physics, and later achieved a master's degree, and a Ph.D. He
became a Senior Research Fellow at the University of Edinburgh,
then held various posts at University College London and Imperial College
London. He retired in 1996 and became Emeritus professor at the University of Edinburgh. At Edinburgh Higgs first
became interested in mass, developing the idea that particles were massless
when the universe began, acquiring mass a fraction of a second later as a
result of interacting with a theoretical field (which became known as
the Higgs field). Higgs postulated that this field permeates space,
giving all elementary subatomic particles that interact with it their mass.
Satyendra Nath
Bose never got the due he
should be like his teacher Jagdish Chandra Bose. In past it was always a
practice, we failed to recognize the homegrown genius and go on to acknowledge
it when world does it.
!!!Don’t you think that Bose’s always Rocks,
Ha – Ha – Ha!!!
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